Heart disease is the number 1 killer of women in the United States today. 1 out of 4 women will die each year in the U.S. from heart disease. It is estimated that one half of women who have heart disease or die from a heart attack do not know that they have a heart problem. Even now, with more studies coming out about women and heart disease women are not acknowledging that there is such a risk to them. Many still think that breast cancer is a bigger risk but it is not.
Misconceptions about women and heart disease include;
1. Women don’t really get heart disease.
2. When women have symptoms, the symptoms are the same as men.
The symptoms can be very different and not as severe, such as the crushing chest pain like their male counterparts. Some of the symptoms can include shortness of breath, a feeling of dread or anxiety, not sleeping well at night or having repeated episodes of indigestion. Many times the women will be treated with anti-anxiety medications and the true diagnosis of heart disease will be missed.
Women present to the hospital with the same symptoms of men less than 50% of the time. More often mental stress is the culprit, not linked to any immediate physical activity as with men. Blood vessels are smaller and the build-up of plaque is sometimes missed on heart tests because of the small nature of it. Women are twice as likely to die in the year following a major heart attack then men.
Listed below are the risk factors for heart disease, there are the uncontrollable factors and controllable factors. The risk factors that are uncontrollable are;
1. Family history of heart disease or stroke
2. Increasing age
3. Post-menopausal or having had your ovaries removed
The risk factors that are controllable are;
1. Smoking
2. High blood pressure
3. Increased total cholesterol level or decreased HDL (your good cholesterol)
4. Diabetes
5. Increased CRP (this value could reflect blood vessel inflammation)
6. Use of birth control pills (especially if combined with smoking)
7. Obesity
8. Sedentary lifestyle
In addition, the last factor is more prevalent for women because in general they tend to be the caretakers and typically do not take enough time to exercise and take care of themselves or feel guilty when they do.
Many women, who have been diagnosed with heart disease, relate that each woman needs to be her own advocate and to trust your instincts. If you think something is just not right about how you are feeling pursue it until you get some answers.
Reflecting on the above information, the next step is to look at ways to keep our hearts healthy and to understand heart disease as well as knowing what can cause our hearts to have problems.
Some heart health tips include;
1. If possible know your family history. This is important for overall health.
2. Stay active. Some type of cardio exercise is a necessity. Exercise at least 30 minutes a day 3 days a week. If you cannot perform cardio because of joint problems, swimming is an excellent form of exercise. Make sure you also include some resistance training, lifting weights and isolated muscle exercising 3 days a week. You could do these on the off cardio days. Remember that the goal is to keep fit. Anything is better than nothing.
3. Follow a good nutritional plan. Most people should cut their portions in ½. Eat foods that are high in anti-oxidants, lower in hydrogenated fats, enough protein and the good carbohydrates such as vegetables, fruits and whole grains.
4. Maintain your blood pressure within a normal range. On average it should not be higher than 130/90 but each person is different and some people may have higher numbers than 130. But the idea is that it be checked regularly and your doctor should be seen if it is high or uncontrolled.
5. Understand your cholesterol and get blood work at least once a year. As a guideline these are levels that are acceptable;
6. Treat yourself well. Think positive, don’t dwell on the negative in life and be able to ventilate feelings of anger, frustration or other negative emotions through meditation, bio-feedback, yoga or simply talking to someone.
7. Try to sleep on the average 7 hours/night.
8. Do not smoke. If you are smoking, stop.
9. Suggested supplements could include;
- Vitamin B
- Vitamin C
- Beta Carotene
- Selenium
All of the above are anti-oxidants and could keep the lining of your arteries healthy and more flexible
- Niacin which stops your body from producing excess amounts of cholesterol
- B6, B12 and folic acid which could control the build-up of homocysteine levels which could be as significant as elevated cholesterol
- Fish twice weekly for the omega 3 fatty acids which reduce the formation of blood clots and decrease triglycerides. If you are concerned about mercury poisoning or don’t like fish, there are good fish oil capsules on the market that are not fish tasting or odorous.
- Phytosterols (plant sterols) which block cholesterol from getting into the bloodstream
So ladies, practice good eating habits, exercise and listen to your heart.